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Skin

Anjali Chuttani, Barbara A. Gilchrest

10.1002/cphy.cp110111

Source: Supplement 28: Handbook of Physiology, Aging

Originally published: 1995

Published online: January 2011

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 In Vitro Studies
2 Intrinsic Aging
2.1 Clinical Features
2.2 Histopathology
3 Extrinsic Aging
3.1 Photoaging
3.2 Cigarette Smoking
4 Physiological Changes
4.1 Barrier Function
4.2 Immune Function
4.3 Inflammatory Response
4.4 Wound Healing
4.5 Vitamin D Production
5 Summary
Figure 1.

Schematic drawings of young, aged, and photoaged skin. With aging alone, the interface between the dermis and the epidermis becomes flatter due to loss of the rete ridges. There is also a loss of Langerhans cells (suprabasilar dendritic cells) and melanocytes (dendritic pigment‐producing cells) in basal layer and reductions in dermal thickness, vascularity, and subcutaneous fat. In photoaged skin there is variable epidermal atrophy and hyperplasia, a further reduction in Langerhans cells, and an increase in melanocytes compared to age‐matched sun‐protected skin. Vessels in the superficial dermis are dilated, and there is a striking change in the quality of the dermal elastic tissue that is termed “elastosis.” Overall, aging alone results in skin that is less cellular and relatively atrophic, while photoaged skin may display either compensatory hypertrophy or further atrophy, depending on the severity of the cumulative UV injury.

Modified from Gilchrest 48 with permission


Figure 1.

Schematic drawings of young, aged, and photoaged skin. With aging alone, the interface between the dermis and the epidermis becomes flatter due to loss of the rete ridges. There is also a loss of Langerhans cells (suprabasilar dendritic cells) and melanocytes (dendritic pigment‐producing cells) in basal layer and reductions in dermal thickness, vascularity, and subcutaneous fat. In photoaged skin there is variable epidermal atrophy and hyperplasia, a further reduction in Langerhans cells, and an increase in melanocytes compared to age‐matched sun‐protected skin. Vessels in the superficial dermis are dilated, and there is a striking change in the quality of the dermal elastic tissue that is termed “elastosis.” Overall, aging alone results in skin that is less cellular and relatively atrophic, while photoaged skin may display either compensatory hypertrophy or further atrophy, depending on the severity of the cumulative UV injury.

Modified from Gilchrest 48 with permission
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Article Title: Skin
 

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Anjali Chuttani, Barbara A. Gilchrest. Skin. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 28: Handbook of Physiology, Aging: 309-324. First published in print 1995. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp110111