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Functional Development of Stomach

Chi‐Chuan Tseng, Leonard R. Johnson

10.1002/cphy.cp060318

Source: Supplement 18: Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Salivary, Gastric, Pancreatic, and Hepatobiliary Secretion

Originally published: 1989

Published online: January 2011

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 Parietal Cells
1.1 Structure
1.2 Basal Acid Secretion
1.3 Acid Secretory Response to Stimuli
2 Chief Cells
2.1 Structure
2.2 Mucosal Pepsinogen Content
2.3 Pepsin Secretory Response to Stimuli
3 Gastrin
3.1 Tissue Levels
3.2 Serum Levels
4 Growth
5 Regulation of Gastric Development
5.1 Diet or Weaning
5.2 Corticosterone
5.3 Thyroxine
5.4 Influence of Sex
5.5 Intrinsic Mechanism
6 Summary
Figure 1.

Volume fraction of mitochondria and surface density of tubulovesicles (TV) and intracellular canaliculi (IC) of parietal cells as well as basal acid output of neonatal rats aged 5‐20 days.

From Tseng et al. 86
Figure 2.

Gastric secretion of acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor in human newborns and infants. Data have been corrected for body weight.

From Agunod et al. 3
Figure 3.

Volume fraction of zymogen granules and the surface density of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) of chief cells as well as pepsinogen content from neonatal rats aged 5‐20 days.
Figure 4.

Changes in DNA content in oxyntic gland mucosa (A) and in gastric lumen (B) at various stages of development.

From Majumdar and Johnson 62
Figure 5.

Serum (A) and antral (B) gastrin levels in rats of various ages showing effect of weaning on day 18. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001.

From Takeuchi et al. 80
Figure 6.

Pepsinogen content (A) and basal acid secretion (B) on day 20 in control, adrenalectomized (AdX), adrenalectomized treated with thyroxine (AdX + T4), and adrenalectomized treated with corticosterone (AdX + CA) rats. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. Adrenalectomy occurred on day 7 and rats were injected daily with 10 μg/g body wt of corticosterone or with 0.1 μg/g body wt of l‐thyroxine.

From Tseng and Johnson 85
Figure 7.

Pepsinogen content (A) and basal acid secretion (B) on day 20 of propylthiouracil‐induced hypothyroid rats (PTU) and of hypothyroid rats treated with corticosterone (PTU + CA), thyroxine (PTU + T4), and both (PTU + CA + T4). Shaded area represents normal values from control rats of same age. *, P < 0.05 compared with PTU group. Water containing propylthiouracil (.001%) was given to dams and pups from day 0 through entire experimental period to induce hypothyroidism. Hypothyroid rats were injected on days 7, 9, and 11 with 200 μg/g body wt of corticosterone or daily from day 7 with 0.05 μg/g body wt of thyroxine or both.

From Tseng and Johnson 85
Figure 8.

Correlation between serum corticosterone levels and pepsinogen content of oxyntic gland mucosa from normal, thyroxine‐treated, and adrenalectomized rats on day 15. Adrenalectomy occurred on day 7. l‐Thyroxine (.1 μg/g body wt) was given daily from day 7.

From Tseng and Johnson 85
Figure 9.

Antral (A) and serum (B) gastrin levels in control, thyroxine‐treated (T4), and propylthiouracil‐induced hypothyroid (PTU) rats on day 20. *, P < 0.05. l‐Thyroxine (.1 μg/g body wt) was given daily from day 7. Water containing propylthiouracil (.001%) was given to dams and pups from day 0 through 20.


Figure 1.

Volume fraction of mitochondria and surface density of tubulovesicles (TV) and intracellular canaliculi (IC) of parietal cells as well as basal acid output of neonatal rats aged 5‐20 days.

From Tseng et al. 86


Figure 2.

Gastric secretion of acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor in human newborns and infants. Data have been corrected for body weight.

From Agunod et al. 3


Figure 3.

Volume fraction of zymogen granules and the surface density of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) of chief cells as well as pepsinogen content from neonatal rats aged 5‐20 days.



Figure 4.

Changes in DNA content in oxyntic gland mucosa (A) and in gastric lumen (B) at various stages of development.

From Majumdar and Johnson 62


Figure 5.

Serum (A) and antral (B) gastrin levels in rats of various ages showing effect of weaning on day 18. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001.

From Takeuchi et al. 80


Figure 6.

Pepsinogen content (A) and basal acid secretion (B) on day 20 in control, adrenalectomized (AdX), adrenalectomized treated with thyroxine (AdX + T4), and adrenalectomized treated with corticosterone (AdX + CA) rats. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. Adrenalectomy occurred on day 7 and rats were injected daily with 10 μg/g body wt of corticosterone or with 0.1 μg/g body wt of l‐thyroxine.

From Tseng and Johnson 85


Figure 7.

Pepsinogen content (A) and basal acid secretion (B) on day 20 of propylthiouracil‐induced hypothyroid rats (PTU) and of hypothyroid rats treated with corticosterone (PTU + CA), thyroxine (PTU + T4), and both (PTU + CA + T4). Shaded area represents normal values from control rats of same age. *, P < 0.05 compared with PTU group. Water containing propylthiouracil (.001%) was given to dams and pups from day 0 through entire experimental period to induce hypothyroidism. Hypothyroid rats were injected on days 7, 9, and 11 with 200 μg/g body wt of corticosterone or daily from day 7 with 0.05 μg/g body wt of thyroxine or both.

From Tseng and Johnson 85


Figure 8.

Correlation between serum corticosterone levels and pepsinogen content of oxyntic gland mucosa from normal, thyroxine‐treated, and adrenalectomized rats on day 15. Adrenalectomy occurred on day 7. l‐Thyroxine (.1 μg/g body wt) was given daily from day 7.

From Tseng and Johnson 85


Figure 9.

Antral (A) and serum (B) gastrin levels in control, thyroxine‐treated (T4), and propylthiouracil‐induced hypothyroid (PTU) rats on day 20. *, P < 0.05. l‐Thyroxine (.1 μg/g body wt) was given daily from day 7. Water containing propylthiouracil (.001%) was given to dams and pups from day 0 through 20.

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Article Title: Functional Development of Stomach
 

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Chi‐Chuan Tseng, Leonard R. Johnson. Functional Development of Stomach. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 18: Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Salivary, Gastric, Pancreatic, and Hepatobiliary Secretion: 345-358. First published in print 1989. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp060318