Comprehensive Physiology Wiley Online Library

The Cardiac Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger

Full Article on Wiley Online Library



Abstract

The sections in this article are:

1 A Brief Historical Perspective and Prelude to the Review
2 Physiological Role of The Cardiac Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger
3 Reverse Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange as A Trigger for SR Ca2+ Release
4 Digitalis Effects
5 Immunolocalization
6 Transport Properties
6.1 Stoichiometry
6.2 Transport Mechanism
6.3 Turnover Rates and Exchanger Density
6.4 Ion Selectivity
6.5 Temperature Dependence
7 Molecular Biology of the Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger
7.1 The Prototypical Canine Cardiac Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger
7.2 The Exchanger Superfamily
7.3 Topology of the Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger
7.4 The Calx‐α and Calx‐β Repeats
7.5 Alternative Splicing of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchangers
8 Regulation of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange
8.1 Ionic Regulation
8.2 Structure–Function Relationships of Ionic Regulation
8.3 Regulation by Phosphorylation
8.4 Regulation by PIP2
8.5 Regulation by pH
8.6 Cytoskeletal Interactions
9 Pharmacology of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange
9.1 The Exchanger Inhibitory Peptide, XIP
9.2 Other Peptide Inhibitors
9.3 KB‐R7943
9.4 Other Inhibitors
10 Studies in Transgenic Mice
11 Adenoviral Transfection of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange Proteins
12 Antisense Oligonucleotides
13 Frequency‐Dependent Behavior of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange
14 Developmental Changes
15 Species Differences
16 Pathophysiological Alterations in Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange
16.1 Contribution of Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange to Cardiac Injury
16.2 Alterations in Na+‐Ca2+ Exchange Levels
17 Summary
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Larry V. Hryshko. The Cardiac Na+‐Ca2+ Exchanger. Compr Physiol 2011, Supplement 6: Handbook of Physiology, The Cardiovascular System, The Heart: 388-419. First published in print 2002. doi: 10.1002/cphy.cp020110